Compare
Every client, every feature
The detailed comparison. Each table covers one area; every client is a row and every feature in that area is a column. A client name opens its profile, where the same comparison is shown against Pagkugi.
Storage and ownership
Where the mail actually lives, and whether it survives the client.
| Client | Open local storage | Maildir as the live store | Works offline |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pagkugi | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Thunderbird | Optional Maildir is supported; mbox is the default. | Optional | Yes |
| Apple Mail | No | No | Yes |
| Outlook | No | No | Limited Recent mail only in the new Outlook. |
| Gmail | No | No | Limited |
| Sylpheed | Yes One message per file in its own layout. | No | Yes |
| Claws Mail | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Geary | No | No | Yes |
| Pegasus Mail | No | No | Yes |
| Proton Mail | No | No | Limited |
| Fastmail | No | No | Limited |
| RainLoop | No | No | No |
| Open-Xchange | No | No | No |
| Mutt/NeoMutt | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| aerc | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| mu4e | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Gnus | Yes | Limited | Yes Agent. |
| Wanderlust | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Alpine | Limited Mail collections; Maildir through patches. | Limited Through patches. | Yes |
| Himalaya | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Notmuch | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| mblaze | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Eudora | Limited Its own inspectable but proprietary store. | No | Yes |
| Penguin Mail | No | No | Limited Recent mail and the inbox are cached; older mail is fetched on demand. |
| Pelton | No | No | Yes |
| MailVault | Yes Plain .eml in a Maildir-style tree. | Yes The vault is Maildir-style; the provider remains the server. | Yes |
| Skim | No | No | Yes |
| Mailspring | No | No | Yes |
| Marco | No | No | Yes |
| Epist | No | No | Yes |
| neomd | No | No | No |
| notmutt | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| BAREmail | No | No | Yes |
| Sterna Mail | No | No | Yes |
| Zero | No | No | No |
| MailFlow | No | No | No |
| Evolution | Optional Local mail store; Maildir and mbox are available. | Optional Maildir and mbox are account-configured. | Yes |
| Betterbird | Optional Maildir is supported; mbox is the default. | Optional | Yes |
| K-9 Mail | No | No | Yes |
| Mimestream | No | No | Limited Local cache; the Gmail API remains the source. |
| Superhuman | No | No | Limited |
| Shortwave | No | No | Limited |
| Spark Mail | No | No | Limited |
| Canary Mail | No | No | Limited |
| eM Client | No | No | Yes |
| Mailbird | No | No | Yes |
| FairEmail | No | No | Yes |
| HEY | No | No | Limited |
| Notion Mail | No | No | No |
| Skiff Mail | No | No | Limited |
| Postbox | No | No | Yes |
| Balsa | Yes Local mailboxes in Maildir and mbox. | Yes | Yes |
| Citadel | No | No | No |
| Cypht | No | No | No |
| Horde IMP | No | No | No |
| KMail | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Mailpile | No | No | Limited |
| meli | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Mew | Yes | Optional MH folders; Maildir through configuration. | Yes |
| nmh | Yes MH message files. | No | Yes |
| Roundcube | No | No | No |
| SnappyMail | No | No | No |
| SOGo | No | No | No |
| SquirrelMail | No | No | No |
| VM (ViewMail) | Yes UNIX mailbox and BABYL folders. | No | Yes |
| Aerion | No | No | Yes |
| Alps | No | No | No |
| Matcha | No | No | Limited |
| Zimbra | No | No | No |
| Velo | No | No | Yes |
| Mainly | No | No | No |
| Sup | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Flectar Mail | No | No | Yes |
| Jobbox | No | No | Yes |
| DispatchMail | No | No | No |
| Clova | No | No | No |
| Talanoa | No | No | No |
| Tallyman | No | No | No |
| Omnia | No | No | No |
| Stillmail | No | No | No |
| GotEmail | No | No | No |
| Busymail | No | No | No |
| Mocca | No | No | No |
| Hadavar | No | No | No |
| WMail | No | No | No |
| MailDeskt | No | No | No |
| Clutterstrike | No | No | No |
| Cwmail | No | No | No |
| Faraday | No | No | No |
| Airmail | No | No | No |
| Edison Mail | No | No | No |
| Missive | No | No | No |
| MailMate | No | No | No |
| The Bat! | No | No | No |
| BlueMail | No | No | No |
| Aqua Mail | No | No | No |
| Newton | No | No | No |
| Polymail | No | No | No |
| Nylas Mail | No | No | No |
Accounts and protocols
The servers and providers the client can talk to.
| Client | IMAP and SMTP | POP3 | Gmail account | Microsoft / Exchange | JMAP |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pagkugi | Yes | No Not in the first release. | No Provider-specific account model is not supported. | No Exchange-specific account model is not supported. | No |
| Thunderbird | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes Exchange support was added in 2025. | No |
| Apple Mail | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No |
| Outlook | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No |
| Gmail | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No |
| Sylpheed | Yes | Yes | Limited Generic IMAP only. | Limited Generic IMAP only. | No |
| Claws Mail | Yes | Yes | Limited Generic IMAP. | Limited Generic IMAP. | No |
| Geary | Yes | No | Yes Gmail provider preset. | Limited Generic IMAP. | No |
| Pegasus Mail | Yes | Yes | Limited Generic IMAP. | Limited Generic IMAP. | No |
| Proton Mail | Limited Through Proton Bridge. | No | Limited Gmail import and sync, not a native Gmail account. | No | No |
| Fastmail | Yes | Yes | Yes | Limited | Yes |
| RainLoop | Yes | No | Limited Generic IMAP. | Limited Generic IMAP. | No |
| Open-Xchange | Yes | Limited | Limited Generic IMAP. | Limited Generic IMAP. | No |
| Mutt/NeoMutt | Yes | Yes | Limited User-configured. | Limited User-configured. | No |
| aerc | Yes | No | Limited User-configured. | Limited User-configured. | Yes |
| mu4e | External Sync and send through external tools. | External | Limited User-configured. | Limited User-configured. | No |
| Gnus | Yes | Yes | Limited User-configured. | Limited User-configured. | No |
| Wanderlust | Yes | Yes | Limited User-configured. | Limited User-configured. | No |
| Alpine | Yes | Yes | Limited User-configured. | Limited User-configured. | No |
| Himalaya | Yes | No | Yes Gmail REST. | Yes Microsoft Graph. | Yes |
| Notmuch | No | No | No | No | No |
| mblaze | No | No | No | No | No |
| Eudora | Yes | Yes | Limited Generic IMAP. | Limited Generic IMAP. | No |
| Penguin Mail | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Pelton | Yes | No | Yes OAuth2 with the user's own client credentials. | Limited Through generic IMAP. | No |
| MailVault | Yes | No | Yes OAuth2. | Yes Microsoft 365 OAuth2 and Outlook.com Graph. | No |
| Skim | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | No |
| Mailspring | Yes | No | Yes | Limited | No |
| Marco | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | No |
| Epist | Yes | No | Yes OAuth with PKCE. | Limited | No |
| neomd | Yes | No | Yes Gmail configuration and OAuth. | Yes OAuth. | No |
| notmutt | No | No | No | No | No |
| BAREmail | No | No | Yes | No | No |
| Sterna Mail | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Zero | Limited Provider integrations rather than a generic IMAP desktop core. | No | Yes | Yes | No |
| MailFlow | Yes | No | Yes | Yes OAuth2. | No |
| Evolution | Yes | Yes | Yes Through IMAP. | Yes Exchange EWS and MAPI plugins. | No |
| Betterbird | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes Inherits Thunderbird's Exchange support. | No |
| K-9 Mail | Yes | Yes | Yes | Limited Generic IMAP with OAuth where the provider allows it. | No |
| Mimestream | No | No | Yes | No | No |
| Superhuman | No | No | Yes | Yes | No |
| Shortwave | No | No | Yes | No | No |
| Spark Mail | Yes | No | Yes | Yes Exchange and Outlook. | No |
| Canary Mail | Yes | No | Yes | Yes Exchange and Outlook. | No |
| eM Client | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes Exchange and Office 365. | No |
| Mailbird | Yes | No | Yes | Yes Exchange support is Premium. | No |
| FairEmail | Yes | Yes | Yes | Limited Generic IMAP; no Exchange Web Services or ActiveSync. | No |
| HEY | No HEY does not offer IMAP; mail is read in HEY or forwarded out. | No | No | No | No |
| Notion Mail | No | No | Yes Gmail accounts. | No | No |
| Skiff Mail | No | No | No | No | No |
| Postbox | Yes | Yes | Yes | Limited | No |
| Balsa | Yes | Yes | Limited Generic IMAP. | Limited Generic IMAP. | No |
| Citadel | Yes | Yes | No | No | No |
| Cypht | Yes | No | Yes | Limited | Limited Tracked, not core. |
| Horde IMP | Yes | No | Yes | Limited | No |
| KMail | Yes | Yes | Yes | Limited | No |
| Mailpile | Yes | No | Yes | No | No |
| meli | Yes | No | Limited | Limited | Yes |
| Mew | Yes | Yes | Limited | Limited | No |
| nmh | No | No | No | No | No |
| Roundcube | Yes | No | Yes | Limited | No |
| SnappyMail | Yes | No | Yes | Limited | No |
| SOGo | Yes | No | Yes | Limited | No |
| SquirrelMail | Yes | No | Yes | Limited | No |
| VM (ViewMail) | Yes | Yes | Limited | Limited | No |
| Aerion | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | No |
| Alps | Yes | No | Yes | Limited | No |
| Matcha | Yes | No | Yes | Limited | No |
| Zimbra | Yes | Yes | Limited | Yes | No |
| Velo | Yes | No | Yes Gmail API. | Limited Through IMAP/SMTP. | No |
| Mainly | Yes | No | Yes | Limited | No |
| Sup | No | No | No | No | No |
| Flectar Mail | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Jobbox | Yes | No | Yes | Limited | No |
| DispatchMail | Limited Gmail IMAP; not a general SMTP workflow. | No | Yes | No | No |
| Clova | Limited Service-specific inboxes; standard IMAP is not the model. | No | No | No | No |
| Talanoa | Limited | No | Limited | No | No |
| Tallyman | No | No | Yes | Yes | No |
| Omnia | No | No | No | No | No |
| Stillmail | No | No | No | No | No |
| GotEmail | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | No |
| Busymail | Yes | No | No | No | No |
| Mocca | Yes | No | Yes | Limited | No |
| Hadavar | Yes | No | No | No | No |
| WMail | No | No | No | No | Yes |
| MailDeskt | No | No | No | No | No |
| Clutterstrike | No | No | No | No | No |
| Cwmail | Yes | No | No | No | No |
| Faraday | No | No | No | No | No |
| Airmail | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No |
| Edison Mail | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | No |
| Missive | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | No |
| MailMate | Yes | No | Yes | Limited | No |
| The Bat! | Yes | Yes | Yes | Limited | No |
| BlueMail | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No |
| Aqua Mail | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No |
| Newton | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | No |
| Polymail | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | No |
| Nylas Mail | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | No |
Reading
How a message is presented, and what happens to HTML.
| Client | In-app HTML rendering | HTML converted to text | Conversation threading | Calendar invitations |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pagkugi | No Mail is converted to text instead. | Yes | Yes | Limited A focused read-only viewer, not a calendar application. |
| Thunderbird | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Apple Mail | Yes | Varies | Yes | Yes |
| Outlook | Yes | Varies | Yes | Yes |
| Gmail | Yes | Varies | Yes | Yes |
| Sylpheed | Limited An internal parser, with no browser engine. | Yes | Yes | No |
| Claws Mail | Limited Through a viewer plugin, not a bundled browser. | Yes | Yes | Plugin Through a plugin. |
| Geary | Yes | Yes | Yes | No |
| Pegasus Mail | Limited Conservative, without a hosted browser engine. | No | Yes | No |
| Proton Mail | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Fastmail | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| RainLoop | Yes Sanitized, with remote images controlled. | Yes | Yes | No |
| Open-Xchange | Yes Sanitized. | Varies | Yes | Yes |
| Mutt/NeoMutt | No | External Through a mailcap handler. | Yes | External Through external tools. |
| aerc | Limited Terminal HTML browsing. | Yes | Yes | Limited View only. |
| mu4e | Limited Emacs HTML rendering. | Yes | Yes | Limited Through Org and iCalendar tooling. |
| Gnus | Limited Emacs rendering. | Yes | Yes | No |
| Wanderlust | Limited Emacs rendering. | Yes | Yes | No |
| Alpine | No | Yes | Yes | No |
| Himalaya | No | Yes | Limited Basic. | No |
| Notmuch | No | No | Yes | No |
| mblaze | No | Yes | Yes | No |
| Eudora | Yes Sanitized MSHTML. | Yes | Limited Group by subject. | No |
| Penguin Mail | Yes Sandboxed, scripts off, remote images blocked. | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Pelton | Yes | Yes | Yes | No |
| MailVault | Yes | Yes | Yes | Limited Invitations open externally; no calendar application. |
| Skim | Yes Sanitized, no scripts. | No | Yes | Limited RSVP card; no calendar. |
| Mailspring | Yes | Yes | Yes | Limited |
| Marco | Yes | Yes | Yes | No |
| Epist | Limited Terminal conversion. | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| neomd | Limited Browser view with a CSP. | Yes | Yes | Yes RSVP. |
| notmutt | Yes Terminal HTML, no browser. | Yes | Yes | No |
| BAREmail | No | Limited Plain-text reader. | No | No |
| Sterna Mail | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Zero | Yes | No | Yes | Limited |
| MailFlow | Yes Sanitized. | Yes | Yes | Limited |
| Evolution | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Betterbird | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| K-9 Mail | Yes Basic HTML view. | Yes | Yes | Limited Opens .ics attachments; no built-in calendar. |
| Mimestream | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes Responds to invitations; no calendar application. |
| Superhuman | Yes | Varies | Yes | Yes Superhuman Calendar. |
| Shortwave | Yes | Varies | Yes | Yes Integrated calendar. |
| Spark Mail | Yes | Varies | Yes | Yes |
| Canary Mail | Yes | Varies | Yes | Yes |
| eM Client | Yes | Varies | Yes | Yes |
| Mailbird | Yes | Varies | Yes | Yes Native calendar is Premium. |
| FairEmail | Yes Safe message view. | Yes | Yes | Yes Pro: accept/decline and add to calendar. |
| HEY | Yes | Varies | Yes | Yes HEY Calendar. |
| Notion Mail | Yes | Varies | Yes | Limited |
| Skiff Mail | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes Skiff Calendar. |
| Postbox | Yes | Yes | Yes | Limited |
| Balsa | Yes Optional WebKit view. | Yes | Yes | Limited |
| Citadel | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Cypht | Yes | Yes | Yes | Limited |
| Horde IMP | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| KMail | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Mailpile | Yes | Yes | Yes | No |
| meli | Limited Terminal HTML rendering. | Yes | Yes | Limited |
| Mew | Limited Emacs rendering. | Yes | Yes | Limited |
| nmh | No | External Through external tools. | Limited | No |
| Roundcube | Yes | Yes | Yes | Plugin Through the calendar plugin. |
| SnappyMail | Yes | Yes | Yes | Limited |
| SOGo | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| SquirrelMail | Limited | Yes | Yes | No |
| VM (ViewMail) | Limited Emacs rendering. | Yes | Yes | No |
| Aerion | Yes | Yes | Yes | Limited Calendar extension is alpha. |
| Alps | Yes | Yes | Yes | Limited CalDAV. |
| Matcha | Limited | Yes | Yes | Limited |
| Zimbra | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Velo | Yes | Yes | Yes | No |
| Mainly | Yes | Yes | Yes | Limited |
| Sup | No | Yes | Yes | No |
| Flectar Mail | Yes Own Rust renderer, not a WebView. | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Jobbox | No | Yes | Yes | No |
| DispatchMail | No | Yes | Limited | No |
| Clova | Yes | No | Limited | No |
| Talanoa | Yes | No | Yes | No |
| Tallyman | Yes | No | Yes | No |
| Omnia | Limited | No | Yes | No |
| Stillmail | Limited | No | Yes | No |
| GotEmail | Yes | No | Yes | No |
| Busymail | Yes | No | Yes | No |
| Mocca | Yes | No | Yes | No |
| Hadavar | Yes | No | Yes | No |
| WMail | Yes | No | Yes | No |
| MailDeskt | Yes | No | Limited | No |
| Clutterstrike | Yes | No | Limited | No |
| Cwmail | No | Yes | Yes | No |
| Faraday | Yes | No | Yes | No |
| Airmail | Yes | No | Yes | Yes |
| Edison Mail | Yes | No | Yes | No |
| Missive | Yes | No | Yes | No |
| MailMate | Yes | Yes | Yes | No |
| The Bat! | Yes | No | Yes | No |
| BlueMail | Yes | No | Yes | No |
| Aqua Mail | Yes | No | Yes | No |
| Newton | Yes | No | Yes | No |
| Polymail | Yes | No | Yes | No |
| Nylas Mail | Yes | No | Yes | No |
Writing and organizing
Composition, search, and the tools that shape a mailbox.
| Client | Rich or HTML composition | Snooze or send later | Full-text search | Custom incoming filters | Tags or labels | Mailing-list actions | Command palette or keyboard-first | Open-thread work view |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pagkugi | No Composes text/plain; Markdown composition is not released. | No | Yes | No The local filter engine is implemented but switched off. | No Read state only; no general labels or tags. | Yes | No Actions live in explicit context menus. | Yes |
| Thunderbird | Yes | Limited Available through add-ons. | Yes | Yes | Yes | Plugin Through add-ons. | Limited Keyboard shortcuts, not a command palette. | No |
| Apple Mail | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Limited Unsubscribe and rules. | Limited Keyboard shortcuts, not a command palette. | No |
| Outlook | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Limited Rules. | Limited Keyboard shortcuts, not a command palette. | No |
| Gmail | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes Labels. | Limited Unsubscribe. | Limited Keyboard shortcuts, not a command palette. | No |
| Sylpheed | No It cannot compose HTML. | No | Yes | Yes | Limited | Limited | Limited Keyboard shortcuts, not a command palette. | No |
| Claws Mail | Limited | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Plugin Through a plugin. | Limited | No |
| Geary | Yes | No | Yes | No | Limited | No | Limited | No |
| Pegasus Mail | Limited Responsible HTML. | No | Yes | Yes | Limited | Yes Rule engine. | Limited | No |
| Proton Mail | Yes | Limited | Yes | Yes | Yes | Limited Unsubscribe and filters. | Limited | No |
| Fastmail | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Limited Unsubscribe and filters. | Limited | No |
| RainLoop | Yes | No | Yes | Yes ManageSieve. | Limited | Plugin Through a plugin. | Limited | No |
| Open-Xchange | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes Sieve. | Yes | Limited Unsubscribe and Sieve. | Limited | No |
| Mutt/NeoMutt | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Limited Manual actions. | Limited Keyboard-driven, without a palette. | No |
| aerc | Limited Terminal editor with filters. | No | Yes | Yes Filters and hooks. | Yes Notmuch. | Limited Patch and list workflows. | Limited Ex-command system. | No |
| mu4e | Limited Emacs message mode. | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes Emacs M-x. | No |
| Gnus | No | No | Yes | Yes Scoring. | Yes | No | Yes Emacs M-x. | No |
| Wanderlust | No | No | Yes | Yes Refiling and rules. | Yes | No | Yes Emacs M-x. | No |
| Alpine | No | No | Yes | Yes | Limited | No | Limited Menu-driven. | No |
| Himalaya | No External composer. | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | Limited CLI commands. | No |
| Notmuch | No | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | Limited CLI. | No |
| mblaze | Limited Compose utilities. | No | Limited Grep and sequences. | No | No | No | Limited CLI. | No |
| Eudora | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | No |
| Penguin Mail | Yes | Yes Remind Me and Send Later. | Yes | Yes Gmail filters, Microsoft rules, and Sieve. | Yes Labels. | No | Limited Keyboard shortcuts, not a command palette. | No |
| Pelton | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes Eight flag colors. | No | Yes | No |
| MailVault | Yes | Yes | Yes SQLite FTS5 with trigram and CJK indexes. | Yes Auto Tags. | Yes | No | Limited Keyboard shortcuts, not a command palette. | No |
| Skim | Yes | No | Yes SQLite FTS5. | No | No | No | Yes | No |
| Mailspring | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Limited | No |
| Marco | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes Labels. | No | Limited | No |
| Epist | Limited | No | Yes | No | Yes Gmail labels. | No | Yes | No |
| neomd | No | Yes Send later. | Yes | Yes Screener. | Yes IMAP keywords. | No | Yes Keyboard-first. | No |
| notmutt | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | No |
| BAREmail | No | No | Yes Gmail search syntax. | No | Limited Star and labels. | No | No | No |
| Sterna Mail | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes Sieve and vacation. | Limited | No | Limited | No |
| Zero | Yes | Limited | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Limited | No |
| MailFlow | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | No |
| Evolution | Yes | Limited Send later through the Outbox; no snooze. | Yes | Yes | Yes Labels. | Yes | Limited Keyboard shortcuts, not a palette. | No |
| Betterbird | Yes | Limited Through Thunderbird add-ons. | Yes Adds regular-expression and diacritic-insensitive search. | Yes | Yes | Plugin Through add-ons. | Limited Keyboard shortcuts, not a palette. | No |
| K-9 Mail | Limited Basic rich text; plain text is the default. | No | Yes | No | Limited Stars and flags. | No | Limited Keyboard shortcuts. | No |
| Mimestream | Yes | Yes Snooze Labs. | Yes Gmail search. | Yes Gmail filters. | Yes Labels. | Limited Gmail filters and labels; no list-specific actions. | Limited Keyboard shortcuts, not a palette. | No |
| Superhuman | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes Split Inbox and Auto Labels. | Yes Labels. | Limited | Yes Keyboard-first. | No |
| Shortwave | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes AI filters. | Yes Labels. | Limited Unsubscribe and block. | Yes | No |
| Spark Mail | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes Smart Inbox and Gatekeeper. | Limited | Limited Unsubscribe. | Limited | No |
| Canary Mail | Yes | Yes | Yes | Limited Categories and cleanup; not a full rule engine. | Yes Labels. | Limited Unsubscribe. | Limited | No |
| eM Client | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes Rules. | Yes Categories. | Limited | Limited Quick actions. | No |
| Mailbird | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes Filters and rules are Premium. | Limited | Limited Quick unsubscribe. | Limited Keyboard shortcuts. | No |
| FairEmail | Limited Basic rich text; plain text is the default. | Yes Pro. | Yes Pro search indexing. | Yes Pro filter rules. | Yes Colored stars and keywords. | Limited | Limited | No |
| HEY | Yes | Yes Reply Later and Bubble Up. | Yes | Limited Screener and Bundles, not a general rule engine. | Limited | Limited Unsubscribe and The Feed. | Limited Keyboard shortcuts, not a palette. | Limited Reply Later and Set Aside, not a thread work view. |
| Notion Mail | Yes | Limited | Yes | Yes AI labels and views. | Yes Labels. | No | Limited | No |
| Skiff Mail | Yes | Limited | Yes | Limited | Yes Labels. | No | Limited | No |
| Postbox | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Limited | Limited | No |
| Balsa | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Limited | Limited | Limited | No |
| Citadel | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Limited | Yes | Limited | No |
| Cypht | Yes | No | Yes | Limited | Limited | Limited | Limited | No |
| Horde IMP | Yes | No | Yes | Yes Sieve through Ingo. | Limited | Limited | Limited | No |
| KMail | Yes | Limited Send later and reminders. | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Limited | No |
| Mailpile | Yes | No | Yes | Yes Rules and Bayesian classification. | Yes | Limited | Limited | No |
| meli | Limited | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Limited | Limited | No |
| Mew | Limited | No | Yes | Yes | Limited | No | Yes Emacs M-x. | No |
| nmh | Limited | No | Limited Pick and grep. | Yes | No | No | Limited CLI. | No |
| Roundcube | Yes | No | Yes | Plugin Sieve through a plugin. | Yes | Limited | Limited | No |
| SnappyMail | Yes | No | Yes | Yes Sieve. | Limited | Limited | Limited | No |
| SOGo | Yes | No | Yes | Yes Sieve. | Limited | Limited | Limited | No |
| SquirrelMail | Limited | No | Yes | Plugin Filters plugin. | Limited | No | Limited | No |
| VM (ViewMail) | Limited | No | Yes | Limited | Limited | No | Yes Emacs M-x. | No |
| Aerion | Yes | No | Yes | No | Limited | No | Limited | No |
| Alps | Yes | No | Yes | Limited | Limited | No | Limited | No |
| Matcha | Limited | No | Yes | Limited | Limited | No | Limited | No |
| Zimbra | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Limited | Limited | No |
| Velo | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes Labels. | No | Yes | No |
| Mainly | Yes | Yes | Yes | Limited | Yes Labels. | No | Yes | No |
| Sup | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Limited | No |
| Flectar Mail | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | No | No |
| Jobbox | No | No | Yes | Yes Local scoring. | Yes Board columns. | No | No | No |
| DispatchMail | Limited AI drafts. | No | No | Yes Whitelist and AI rules. | Yes AI labels. | No | No | No |
| Clova | Yes | No | No | No | Yes Inboxes and prefixes. | No | No | No |
| Talanoa | Yes | No | Yes | Limited | Yes Kanban columns. | No | No | No |
| Tallyman | Yes | Limited | Yes | No | Limited | No | Yes | No |
| Omnia | No | No | Yes | Yes Trusted senders. | No | No | No | No |
| Stillmail | Limited | No | Limited | No | No | No | No | No |
| GotEmail | Yes | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
| Busymail | No | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
| Mocca | No | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
| Hadavar | No | No | Yes | No | No | No | Yes | No |
| WMail | Yes | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
| MailDeskt | Yes | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
| Clutterstrike | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
| Cwmail | No | No | Yes | No | No | No | Limited | No |
| Faraday | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | No |
| Airmail | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Limited | No |
| Edison Mail | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | No | No | No |
| Missive | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | Limited | No |
| MailMate | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Limited | No |
| The Bat! | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | No |
| BlueMail | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | No | No | No |
| Aqua Mail | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | No | No | No |
| Newton | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | No | No | No |
| Polymail | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | No | No | No |
| Nylas Mail | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | No | No |
Security and privacy
Encryption, sender checks, and what leaves the machine.
| Client | PGP / S/MIME | Phishing or sender checks | Remote content blocked | Built-in AI features |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pagkugi | No Not built in. | Yes | Yes | No No assistant, by design. |
| Thunderbird | Yes | Yes | Yes | Limited Through add-ons, not the core client. |
| Apple Mail | Limited S/MIME is built in; PGP needs add-ons. | Limited | Yes | Limited Apple Intelligence on newer devices. |
| Outlook | Yes S/MIME is built in; PGP is limited. | Yes | Yes | Yes Copilot. |
| Gmail | Limited Google's end-to-end encryption is not PGP/S/MIME. | Yes | Yes | Yes Gemini. |
| Sylpheed | Yes GnuPG integration. | Limited | Limited | No |
| Claws Mail | Plugin GnuPG plugin. | Limited | Limited | No |
| Geary | No | No | No | No |
| Pegasus Mail | Plugin Plugin. | Limited | Yes | No |
| Proton Mail | Yes Native encryption model. | Yes | Yes | Limited |
| Fastmail | No | Yes | Yes | Limited |
| RainLoop | Plugin Plugin. | Limited | Yes | No |
| Open-Xchange | Yes OX Guard. | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Mutt/NeoMutt | Yes Through GnuPG. | Limited | External Depends on the viewer. | No |
| aerc | Yes GnuPG. | Limited | Yes | No |
| mu4e | Yes EasyPG. | Limited | Limited | No |
| Gnus | Yes | Limited | Limited | No |
| Wanderlust | Yes | Limited | Limited | No |
| Alpine | Limited S/MIME builds. | Limited | Limited | No |
| Himalaya | Yes External. | No | No | No |
| Notmuch | No | No | No | No |
| mblaze | External Through external tools. | No | No | No |
| Eudora | Plugin Plugin. | Limited ScamWatch. | Yes | No |
| Penguin Mail | Yes | Limited | Yes | Yes Optional assistant. |
| Pelton | Yes | Yes | Yes | No |
| MailVault | No | Yes SPF, DKIM, DMARC, and link safety. | Yes | Yes Local AI writing help. |
| Skim | No | Limited | Yes | Yes Bring your own key. |
| Mailspring | Limited Through plugins. | Limited | Yes | No |
| Marco | No | Limited | Yes | No |
| Epist | No | Limited | Limited | No |
| neomd | No | Limited The screener also acts as a phishing defense. | Yes Spy pixels stripped. | Limited Editor handoff, no built-in model. |
| notmutt | No | Limited | Yes | Limited Metadata-only MCP and CRM workflows. |
| BAREmail | No | No | Yes Plain-text reader. | No |
| Sterna Mail | Yes | Limited | Yes | No |
| Zero | No | Limited | Yes | Yes |
| MailFlow | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Evolution | Yes S/MIME and PGP through Seahorse. | Limited | Yes | No |
| Betterbird | Yes | Yes | Yes | Limited Through add-ons. |
| K-9 Mail | Yes OpenPGP through OpenKeychain. | Limited | Yes | No |
| Mimestream | No | Limited Tracking prevention; no PGP. | Yes Tracker prevention. | No |
| Superhuman | No | Limited | Limited | Yes AI agents, Auto Drafts, and summaries. |
| Shortwave | No | Limited | Yes | Yes |
| Spark Mail | No | Limited | Yes | Yes |
| Canary Mail | Yes PGP and SecureSend. | Yes Security and human-error warnings. | Yes | Yes AI Copilot. |
| eM Client | Yes PGP and S/MIME. | Limited | Yes | Yes AI Assistant and AI rules. |
| Mailbird | No | Limited | Yes Privacy Hub blocks trackers and remote images. | Yes Bring-your-own AI through MCP; opt-in. |
| FairEmail | Yes OpenPGP and S/MIME. | Yes Reformats messages and warns about unauthenticated mail. | Yes | No |
| HEY | No | Yes Spam filters and the Screener. | Yes Spy-pixel blocker. | Yes HEY AI agents. |
| Notion Mail | No | Limited | Yes | Yes |
| Skiff Mail | No | Limited | Yes | No |
| Postbox | No | Limited | Yes | No |
| Balsa | Yes GnuPG through gpgme. | Limited | Limited | No |
| Citadel | No | Limited | Limited | No |
| Cypht | Limited | Limited | Yes | No |
| Horde IMP | Yes | Limited | Yes | No |
| KMail | Yes GnuPG. | Limited | Yes | No |
| Mailpile | Yes | Limited | Yes | No |
| meli | Yes GPGME. | Limited | Yes | No |
| Mew | Yes EasyPG. | Limited | Limited | No |
| nmh | Limited External. | No | No | No |
| Roundcube | Plugin Enigma plugin. | Limited | Yes | No |
| SnappyMail | Yes | Limited | Yes | No |
| SOGo | No | Limited | Yes | No |
| SquirrelMail | Plugin | Limited | Limited | No |
| VM (ViewMail) | Limited External. | Limited | Limited | No |
| Aerion | Yes PGP and S/MIME. | Limited | Yes | No |
| Alps | No | Limited | Yes | No |
| Matcha | No | Limited | Yes | No |
| Zimbra | Limited | Limited | Yes | No |
| Velo | No | Limited | Yes | Yes Bring your own provider. |
| Mainly | No | Limited | Yes | No |
| Sup | Limited External. | No | No | No |
| Flectar Mail | Yes Desktop OpenPGP through GnuPG. | Limited | Yes | No |
| Jobbox | No | Limited | Yes | No |
| DispatchMail | No | No | No | Yes |
| Clova | No | Yes Unexpected senders are bounced. | Limited | Yes Bring your own AI through MCP. |
| Talanoa | No | No | No | No |
| Tallyman | No | No | No | No |
| Omnia | No | Yes Separates untrusted mail. | Yes | No Deliberately excluded. |
| Stillmail | No | No | Yes | No |
| GotEmail | No | No | Yes | Yes On demand. |
| Busymail | No | No | Yes | Yes MCP server. |
| Mocca | No | No | Yes | Yes Bundled local model. |
| Hadavar | No | No | No | Yes |
| WMail | No | No | No | No |
| MailDeskt | No | No | No | No |
| Clutterstrike | No | Yes | Yes | No |
| Cwmail | No | No | No | Yes |
| Faraday | No | No | No | Yes |
| Airmail | No | No | No | No |
| Edison Mail | No | No | No | Yes |
| Missive | No | No | No | Limited |
| MailMate | Yes | No | No | No |
| The Bat! | Yes | No | No | No |
| BlueMail | No | No | No | Yes |
| Aqua Mail | Limited | No | No | No |
| Newton | No | No | No | No |
| Polymail | No | No | No | No |
| Nylas Mail | No | No | No | No |
Platform and business
Where it runs, how it extends, and how it is sold.
| Client | Graphical desktop app | Terminal interface | Mobile app | Web or self-hosted | Calendar, contacts, or groupware | Plugin or extension system | Open source | No account with its maker |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pagkugi | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | No Proprietary commercial software. | Yes |
| Thunderbird | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Apple Mail | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | Limited Mail extensions. | No | Yes |
| Outlook | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No A Microsoft account is required. |
| Gmail | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes Add-ons. | No | No A Google account is required. |
| Sylpheed | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Claws Mail | Yes | No | No | No | Limited Address book. | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Geary | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | Yes | Yes |
| Pegasus Mail | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes | No | Yes |
| Proton Mail | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Limited Clients are open source; the service is not. | No A Proton account is required. |
| Fastmail | Yes Desktop app. | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | No A Fastmail account is required. |
| RainLoop | No | No | Yes Responsive layout. | Yes | Limited Address book. | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Open-Xchange | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No An operator account is required. |
| Mutt/NeoMutt | No | Yes | No | No | No | Limited External helpers. | Yes | Yes |
| aerc | No | Yes | No | No | No | Limited Filters. | Yes | Yes |
| mu4e | No | Yes Emacs. | No | No | Limited Org. | Yes Emacs packages. | Yes | Yes |
| Gnus | No | Yes Emacs. | No | No | Limited News and calendar integrations. | Yes Emacs packages. | Yes | Yes |
| Wanderlust | No | Yes Emacs. | No | No | Limited | Yes Emacs packages. | Yes | Yes |
| Alpine | No | Yes | No | No | Limited Address book. | Limited Mailcap handlers. | Yes | Yes |
| Himalaya | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes | Yes |
| Notmuch | No | Limited Through front ends. | No | No | No | Limited Front ends. | Yes | Yes |
| mblaze | No | Yes CLI. | No | No | No | No | Yes | Yes |
| Eudora | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes | No | Yes |
| Penguin Mail | Yes | No | No | No | Yes Calendar and contacts. | Limited Assistant skills and MCP servers. | Yes | Yes |
| Pelton | Yes | No | No | No | Limited CardDAV contacts. | Limited Themes. | Yes | Yes |
| MailVault | Yes | No | No | No | Limited Contacts. | No | Yes Public source; check the repository license. | Yes |
| Skim | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | Yes | Yes |
| Mailspring | Yes | No | No | No | Limited Contacts. | Yes | Yes The UI is open source. | Yes |
| Marco | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Limited Tasks. | No | No | No A Marco account is required. |
| Epist | No | Yes | No | No | Limited Calendar invites. | No | Yes | Yes |
| neomd | No | Yes | Limited Through Termux. | No | No | No | Yes | Yes |
| notmutt | No | Yes | No | No | No | Limited Lua behind a build tag. | Yes | Yes |
| BAREmail | Yes PWA. | No | Yes PWA. | Yes | No | No | Yes | Yes |
| Sterna Mail | No | No | Yes | No | Limited Calendar invites. | No | Yes | Yes |
| Zero | No | No | Limited Responsive web. | Yes | Limited | No | Yes | No A self-hosted account is required. |
| MailFlow | Limited Electron wrappers in progress. | No | Limited Capacitor wrapper in progress. | Yes | Limited CardDAV contacts. | Yes | Yes | No A MailFlow account is required. |
| Evolution | Yes | No | No | No | Yes Mail, calendar, contacts, tasks, and memos. | Yes Extensions. | Yes | Yes |
| Betterbird | Yes | No | No | No | Yes Calendar and contacts. | Yes Thunderbird add-ons. | Yes | Yes |
| K-9 Mail | No | No | Yes | No | No | Limited OpenKeychain integration, not a general plugin system. | Yes | Yes |
| Mimestream | Yes | No | No | No | Limited Calendar invitation responses. | No | No | No |
| Superhuman | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes Calendar and docs. | Limited Agents and connectors. | No | No |
| Shortwave | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes Integrated calendar. | Limited Integrations and Tasklet. | No | No |
| Spark Mail | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes Calendar and team collaboration. | Limited Integrations. | No | No |
| Canary Mail | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes Calendar. | No | No | No |
| eM Client | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes Calendar, tasks, contacts, notes, and chat. | Limited Add-ons. | No | Yes |
| Mailbird | Yes | No | Yes Public beta. | No | Yes Calendar and contacts are Premium. | Yes 45+ integrations. | No | Yes |
| FairEmail | No | No | Yes | No | Limited Calendar invitations. | Limited OpenKeychain integration. | Yes | Yes |
| HEY | No | Yes HEY TUI. | Yes | Yes | Yes Calendar, contacts, notes, and workflows. | Limited AI agents and CLI. | No | No |
| Notion Mail | No | No | No | Yes | Limited Notion workspace integration. | No | No | No |
| Skiff Mail | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes Calendar, drive, and pages. | No | Yes Clients were open source; the service was not. | No |
| Postbox | Yes | No | No | No | Limited | Limited | No | Yes |
| Balsa | Yes | No | No | No | Limited Address book. | Limited | Yes | Yes |
| Citadel | No | Limited Text-mode BBS client. | No | Yes | Yes Calendar, contacts, tasks, notes, and rooms. | Limited | Yes | No |
| Cypht | No | No | No | Yes | Limited | Yes | Yes | No |
| Horde IMP | No | No | No | Yes | Yes Calendar, contacts, tasks, and notes. | Yes | Yes | No |
| KMail | Yes | No | No | No | Yes Kontact calendar and contacts. | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Mailpile | No | No | No | Yes | No | Limited | Yes | Yes |
| meli | No | Yes | No | No | No | Limited | Yes | Yes |
| Mew | No | Yes Emacs. | No | No | No | Yes Emacs packages. | Yes | Yes |
| nmh | No | Yes CLI. | No | No | No | No | Yes | Yes |
| Roundcube | No | No | No | Yes | Plugin Calendar and address book plugins. | Yes | Yes | No |
| SnappyMail | No | No | No | Yes | Limited Kolab support. | Yes | Yes | No |
| SOGo | No | No | No | Yes | Yes Calendar, contacts, tasks, and ActiveSync. | Limited | Yes | No |
| SquirrelMail | No | No | No | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | No |
| VM (ViewMail) | No | Yes Emacs. | No | No | No | Yes Emacs packages. | Yes | Yes |
| Aerion | Yes | No | No | No | Limited Contacts and an alpha calendar. | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Alps | No | No | No | Yes | Limited CardDAV and CalDAV. | Yes | Yes | No |
| Matcha | No | Yes | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Zimbra | No | No | No | Yes | Yes Calendar, contacts, tasks, and files. | Limited | Limited Open-source components under ZPL and GPL. | No A Zimbra account is required. |
| Velo | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | Yes | Yes |
| Mainly | No | No | No | Yes | No | Limited MCP server. | Yes | No A Mainly login is required. |
| Sup | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes | Yes |
| Flectar Mail | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes Calendar, contacts, and files. | No | Yes | Yes |
| Jobbox | Yes | No | No | No | Limited Job-search board. | No | Yes | Yes |
| DispatchMail | No | No | No | Yes | No | No | Yes | Yes |
| Clova | No | No | Limited | Yes | No | No | No | No |
| Talanoa | No | No | Limited | Yes | No | No | No | No |
| Tallyman | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
| Omnia | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | No | Yes |
| Stillmail | No | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
| GotEmail | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | No | Yes |
| Busymail | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | No | Yes |
| Mocca | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | No | Yes |
| Hadavar | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | No | Yes |
| WMail | No | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes |
| MailDeskt | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
| Clutterstrike | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
| Cwmail | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | Yes |
| Faraday | No | No | No | Yes | No | No | No | No |
| Airmail | Yes | No | Yes | No | No | Yes | No | No |
| Edison Mail | Limited | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
| Missive | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes Shared inboxes and team chat. | Yes Integrations. | No | No |
| MailMate | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes Bundles. | No | Yes |
| The Bat! | Yes | No | No | No | No | Limited | No | Yes |
| BlueMail | Yes | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
| Aqua Mail | No | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes |
| Newton | Yes | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
| Polymail | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No |
| Nylas Mail | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
A value records what each client's own documentation establishes. No can mean a deliberate boundary rather than a missing feature. The comparison page links every client profile and states where Pagkugi is not the right choice.